Characterization of Wastewater in an Activated Sludge Treatment Plant of the Food Sector

Recently, water has become a resource that generates controversy due to shortage alarms and high consumption by production companies. Making good use of water has become the main objective of government institutions. The food industry generates a large amount of wastewater, concentrating the largest number of contaminants originated in its processes. Wastewater from the food industry is characterized by having a large amount of organic matter, especially fats and oils, as well as suspended solids. The objective of this research is to carry out a characterization of effluents generated in a wastewater treatment plant in the food sector based on Mexican and international regulations to determine whether it is reusable. This article addresses Mexico’s lag in the reuse of treated wastewater in the face of the water crisis, highlighting the urgency of adopting these practices to mitigate water scarcity. For the development of this investigation, samples were collected at the discharge point produced by the company’s effluents, followed by an evaluation of their physical, chemical, and biological parameters, and finally, it was determined that the effluent follows the regulatory standards for discharge into the city sewer but outside the range for reuse in productive processes or irrigation of green areas.