Colonization of maize silks by Fusarium graminearum, the causative organism of gibberella ear rot

生物 分生孢子 玉米赤霉 赤霉素 镰刀菌 丝绸 真菌 接种 菌丝体 菌丝 植物 园艺 计算机科学 操作系统
作者
S. Shea Miller,L. M. Reid,Linda J. Harris
出处
期刊:Canadian journal of botany [Canadian Science Publishing]
卷期号:85 (4): 369-376 被引量:50
标识
DOI:10.1139/b07-027
摘要

One of the most economically important diseases of maize in Canada is gibberella ear rot caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (teleomorph = Gibberella zeae (Schw.) Petch). Understanding how the fungus becomes established will help in developing effective strategies to reduce the incidence of this disease. This study investigates the infection process of F. graminearum on maize silks using both a wild-type F. graminearum as well as a strain transformed with a gene from jellyfish to constitutively express green fluorescent protein. Immature ears of maize were inoculated in the field with wild-type F. graminearum and harvested at specific times post infection, and the silks were stained with Chlorazol Black E for examination. In addition, uninoculated ears were excised, placed on water agar in large Petri dishes, and the silks inoculated with a suspension of macroconidia of the transformed fungus. The progress of fungal growth was then monitored using microscopy. Germination of conidia was observed 4–6 h after inoculation. A variable period of random growth often followed, after which some of the hyphae would grow in more or less straight lines down the silk towards the cob (rachis), and ultimately infect the developing kernels. Access to the cob occurred in 7–9 d in susceptible genotypes and 12–15 d in resistant genotypes. The fungus could penetrate the ovary directly through the silk attachment point or, when the silk was growing over other kernels, the fungus could traverse from the silk to colonize interkernel spaces. Entry into the cob was either through the rachis surface via exterior growth between kernels, or into the rachis via the pedicel.

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