Porous TiO<sub>2</sub> Layer Encapsulated Silicon as the Anode Material for Lithium Secondary Batteries

The porous TiO2 layer on the silicon surface not only acts as a buffer layer to relieve the strain associated with the volume expansion but also prevents the aggregation of the particles upon normal cycles of charging and discharging. The control of the optimum amount of catalyst has led to enhance the cycle performance of TiO2 coated silicon anode.