Germ-free and Antibiotic-treated Mice are Highly Susceptible to Epithelial Injury in DSS Colitis

结肠炎 势垒函数 炎症性肠病 炎症 免疫学 免疫系统 封堵器 髓过氧化物酶 肠粘膜 溃疡性结肠炎 抗生素 医学 生物 微生物学 紧密连接 内科学 疾病 生物化学 细胞生物学
作者
Cristina Hernández‐Chirlaque,Carlos J. Aranda,Borja Ocón,Fermín Capitán‐Cañadas,Mercedes Ortega‐González,Juan Jesús Carrero,Marı́a Dolores Suárez,Antonio Zarzuelo,Antonio Zarzuelo,Olga Martínez‐Augustin
出处
期刊:Journal of Crohn's and Colitis [Oxford University Press]
卷期号:10 (11): 1324-1335 被引量:193
标识
DOI:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw096
摘要

Intestinal microbiota is required to maintain immune homeostasis and intestinal barrier function. At the same time, intraluminal bacteria are considered to be involved in inflammatory bowel disease and are required for colitis induction in animal models, with the possible exception of dextran sulphate sodium [DSS] colitis. This study was carried out to ascertain the mechanism underlying the induction of colitis by DSS in the absence of bacteria.Conventional and germ-free [GF] Naval Medical Research Institute [NMRI] mice were used, plus conventional mice treated with an antibiotic cocktail to deplete the intestinal microbiota ['pseudo-GF' or PGF mice]. The differential response to DSS was assessed.Conventional mice developed DSS-induced colitis normally, whereas GF mice showed only minimal inflammation [no colonic thickening, lower myeloperoxidase activity, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, and IFN-γ secretion by splenocytes and mesenteric cell cultures, etc.]. However, these mice suffered enhanced haemorrhage, epithelial injury and mortality as a consequence of a weakened intestinal barrier, as shown by lower occludin, claudin 4, TFF3, MUC3, and IL-22. In contrast, PGF mice had a relatively normal, albeit attenuated, inflammatory response, but were less prone to haemorrhage and epithelial injury than GF mice. This was correlated with an increased expression of IL-10 and Foxp3 and preservation barrier-related markers.We conclude that enteric bacteria are essential for the development of normal DSS-induced colitis. The absence of microbiota reduces DSS colonic inflammation dramatically but it also impairs barrier function, whereas subtotal microbiota depletion has intermediate effects at both levels.
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