材料科学
阳极
碳纤维
软化
纳米纤维
钠
离子
对偶(语法数字)
碳纳米纤维
软化点
复合材料
化学工程
纳米技术
碳纳米管
电极
冶金
有机化学
物理化学
艺术
化学
工程类
文学类
复合数
作者
Yamin Zhang,Guangyuan Wang,Yue Peng,Sun Jin-Feng,Musen Gao,Jinlong Wang,Linrui Hou,Meng Chen,Changzhou Yuan
标识
DOI:10.1002/adfm.202414761
摘要
Abstract To achieve high‐quality hard carbon nanofibers (HCNFs), and particularly flexible HCNFs films is the eternal pursuit from low‐cost coal pitch (CP). However, it is still trapped seriously by the inborn bottleneck of low‐softening‐point (LSP) characteristics of CP itself. Herein, an efficient Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O‐assisted electrospinning‐carbonization methodology is creatively devised to obtain flexible HCNFs films directly from LSP CP. The essential roles of Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O and pre‐oxidation in constructing flexible films are rationally proposed. With further regulation in Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O dosage and calcination temperatures, specific micro‐structures/morphologies of flexible HCNFs films are finely optimized. The optimum HCNFs‐1.2 film is endowed with robust structural flexibility/stability, high‐content active oxygen/nitrogen groups, abundant graphic microcrystalline zones of large interlayer spacing, and convenient ion‐diffusion channels. Thanks to such remarkable merits, HCNFs‐1.2 retains a large reversible capacity of 125.3 mAh g ‒1 over 1000 cycles at 1.0 A g ‒1 , when evaluated as a self‐supporting film anode for sodium dual‐ion batteries (SDIBs). Furthermore, the HCNFs‐1.2‐based SDIBs deliver a specific capacity of 90.9 mAh g ‒1 at 0.1 A g ‒1 , along with a capacity retention of 78.4% after 1500 cycles at 1.0 A g ‒1 . The insightful understanding here will provide meaningful guidance for rational design of advanced flexible film electrodes toward next‐generation SDIBs and beyond.
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