Synchronous and efficient removal of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from actual rural sewage by composite wetlands enhanced with functional fillers

A composite wetland (CECW) was constructed by introducing P-adsorption filler (EPAF) and activated sludge into traditional wetlands for treating actual sewage. The results showed that EPAF improved P removal through physico-chemical adsorption, and it could be stably regenerated after adsorption saturation without potential risks. Meanwhile, zeolite promoted NH