Machine Learning Model Predictors of Intrapleural tPA and DNase Failure in Pleural Infection: A Multicenter Study

Intrapleural enzyme therapy (IET) with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) has been shown to reduce the need for surgical intervention for complicated parapneumonic effusion/empyema (CPPE/empyema). Failure of IET may lead to delayed care, and increased length of stay.