Fractal Analysis of Porous Alumina and Its Relationships with the Pore Structure and Mechanical Properties

Porous alumina was prepared by the sacrificial template approach using 30 vol.%, 50 vol.%, and 70 vol.% of carbon fibers and graphite as pore formers. In order to determine the pore size distribution, porosity, most probable pore size, and median pore size, a mercury intrusion porosimeter (MIP) was used. The surface fractal dimensions (Ds) of porous alumina with various pore formers were assessed based on MIP data. The findings revealed that the pore size distribution of the prepared porous alumina was either bimodal or trimodal at 50 vol.% of the pore formers, and unimodal at 30 vol.% and 70 vol.% of the pore formers in the raw materials. The porous alumina’s pore structure and morphology varied depending on the volume content of the pore formers and their shapes. The porosity and pore size of the porous alumina increased with the increase in carbon fiber content because the carbon fiber was unfavorable to the densification of the initial billet before sintering. After sintering, there were no residual pore formers other than alumina in the samples. The pore structure of the porous alumina samples showed prominent fractal characteristics, and its DS decreased with the increase in the pore former content. The samples’ Ds was highly negatively correlated with the pore structure parameters, and was positively correlated with the flexural strength.