Geochemistry and geochronology of Early Cretaceous lamprophyres of the Sulu Orogenic Belt: implications for lithospheric evolution of Eastern China

Lamprophyre is one of the most important probes to understand the enrichment and depletion processes of the lithospheric evolution. Determining the age and petrogenesis of lamprophyres could provide critical data for deducing the timing and process of lithospheric revolution of the Sulu Orogenic Belt (SOB) and North China Craton (NCC). In this study, the Taolin lamprophyre in SOB was delineated by zircon U–Pb dating with the ages of 126 Ma. This lamprophyre is characterized by high contents of SiO2 and total alkali contents (Na2O + K2O), low Mg# value, low contents of total Fe2O3, MgO, and compatible elements, enriched in LREE and LILE but strong depleted in HFSE, as well as enriched Sr–Nd and depleted Pb isotope compositions (87Sr/86Sr(i) = 0.707757 to 0.708048, εNd(t) = – 13.0 to – 12.7, 206Pb/204Pb(t) ratios of 16.934 to 17.000, 207Pb/204Pb(t) of 15.435 to 15.442, and 208Pb/204Pb(t) of 37.682 to 37.706). Interpretations of whole-rock elemental data suggest the Taolin lamprophyre was derived from 1% to 5% partial melting of spinel peridotite; and MELTS modelling indicates fractional crystallization of ~16.7% orthopyroxene and ~16.6% clinopyroxene under 1.5 Gbar. Based on the analyses of Neoproterozoic relic zircons and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic components of the Taolin lamprophyre and adjacent lamprophyres, we put forwards that there are several subducted crustal materials were trapped into the SOB lithospheric mantle, and the magma source of these lamprophyres might have experienced metasomatic processes not only by the hydrous fluids derived from the subducting Paleo–Pacific oceanic crust in the Jurassic, but also by melts derived from partial melting of the subducting South China continental crust in the Triassic. A geodynamic trigger for generation of the Taolin lamprophyre is proposed to be related to lithospheric thinning coupled with asthenospheric upwelling beneath the North China Craton.