Imaging the dynamic platelet‐neutrophil response in sterile liver injury and repair in mice

血小板 中性粒细胞胞外陷阱 止血 肝损伤 内皮 血小板活化 活体显微镜检查 血小板粘附 炎症 细胞生物学 化学 凝结 免疫学 病理 医学 生物 内科学 微循环 血小板聚集
作者
Ingrid Slaba,Jing Wang,Elżbieta Kołaczkowska,Braedon McDonald,Woo‐Yong Lee,Paul Kubes
出处
期刊:Hepatology [Wiley]
卷期号:62 (5): 1593-1605 被引量:118
标识
DOI:10.1002/hep.28003
摘要

Although platelets have been extensively studied in hemostasis and inflammation, their role is not well understood in sterile liver injury and repair. Using a thermally induced focal liver injury and repair model and multichannel spinning disk confocal microscopy allowed visualization of the dynamic behavior of platelets and neutrophils in this insult. Platelets instantaneously adhered to molecularly altered sinusoidal endothelium adjacent to the afflicted area, paving approximately 200 µm abutting the injury. Platelets remained adherent for at least 4 hours, but dissipated by 8 hours. The early recruitment occurred by GPIIbIIIa (CD41) and the later recruitment was dependent upon both GPIIbIIIa and GPIb (CD42B). Platelets did not occlude the vessels, but rather paved the altered endothelium. Endothelin‐induced vasoconstriction by hepatic stellate cells, and not platelet accumulation or coagulation, was responsible for temporarily restricted perfusion around the injury. Neutrophils crawled into the injury from significant distances through the sinusoids. The crawling neutrophils required the platelet‐paved endothelium given that very little neutrophil recruitment was noted in thrombocytopenic or CD41‐deficient mice. As platelets slowly dissipated, neutrophil recruitment was also halted. Previous work suggested that platelets binding to immobilized neutrophils induced neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in response to infection as well as during thrombosis and other forms of sterile injury. In this model of neutrophils crawling on immobilized platelets, very few NETs were observed and no additional injury was noted. In fact, GPIIbIIIa‐deficient mice had delayed repair. Conclusion : In a liver model of sterile injury and repair, platelets play a critical role in forming a substratum and pave the way for neutrophils to enter the injured site for subsequent repair. (H epatology 2015;62:1593–1605)
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