Evaluating four modes of extraction to analyze bioactive compounds in Garcinia brasiliensis (bacupari) by high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD)

The prior study of the extraction path is fundamental to optimize the required time and to define the most suitable solvent to extract and determine an analyte of interest in a complex sample. This study aimed to evaluate four extraction modes; solvent sequence in Soxhlet equipment (SES), and by maceration (SEM), direct extraction with ethanol by maceration (EEM), and in Soxhlet equipment (EES), and determine Garcinia brasiliensis bioactive compounds using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) method. Fukugetin, fukugetina-7’’-O-β-D-glucoside, norathyriol, guttiferone A, and 7-epiclusianone were identified and quantified with authentic standards. Among all four modes applied to extract the main bioactive. From HPLC profile, it was observed that the highest levels of 7-epiclusianone (344.1 mg/g) and guttiferone A (142.8 mg/g) were found in the N-hexane fraction using SEM mode, whereas the highest levels of fukugetin (44.95 mg/g) and norathyriol (3.95 mg/g dry weight) in the ethyl acetate fraction using SES mode.