Screening of specific binding peptides using phage-display techniques and their biosensing applications

Biosensors have been explored for their excellent potential in the field of biological detection and their application in biomedical diagnosis and have become a rapidly emerging subject. The development of biosensors urgently needs support in the expansion of recognition elements. Sequential advancements in displayed peptide technology have been achieved by fusing phage display peptide libraries into phage coat proteins. Screening procedures for phage display readily recognize a variety of binding affinity peptides, which are alternatives to antibodies. The emergence of phage display peptides compensated for the lack of recognition molecules and has played an unprecedented role in the field of biosensing. Displayed peptides have been used for specific receptors in various biosensors in recent years because of advantages such as high affinity, low procedure cost, high purity and mass production, easy design and modification at the molecular level, and increased resistance to the sophisticated detection environment. This review summarizes the feasible applications of phage-displayed peptides in major biosensors and highlights both the outstanding performance and shortcomings of peptide sensors. Phage display technology and its applications in different biosensor fields. • Phage display technology as an unprecedented role in biological detection and biosensing. • High affinity and selectivity compared to antibodies of displayed peptides in biosensing. • Recent development of peptide-biosensors confirmed from the phage-displayed peptides. • Current bottlenecks and insights for the future of peptide sensors are provided.