生物
古细菌
基因组
微生物
微生物群
细菌
代谢途径
丁酸盐
微生物学
食品科学
生物化学
发酵
酶
基因
遗传学
生物信息学
作者
Xuefeng Peng,St. Elmo Wilken,Thomas S. Lankiewicz,Sean Gilmore,Jennifer L. Brown,John K. Henske,Candice L. Swift,Asaf Salamov,Kerrie Barry,Igor V. Grigoriev,Michael K. Theodorou,David L. Valentine,Michelle O’Malley
出处
期刊:Nature microbiology
日期:2021-02-01
卷期号:6 (4): 499-511
被引量:133
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41564-020-00861-0
摘要
The herbivore digestive tract is home to a complex community of anaerobic microbes that work together to break down lignocellulose. These microbiota are an untapped resource of strains, pathways and enzymes that could be applied to convert plant waste into sugar substrates for green biotechnology. We carried out more than 400 parallel enrichment experiments from goat faeces to determine how substrate and antibiotic selection influence membership, activity, stability and chemical productivity of herbivore gut communities. We assembled 719 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that are unique at the species level. More than 90% of these MAGs are from previously unidentified herbivore gut microorganisms. Microbial consortia dominated by anaerobic fungi outperformed bacterially dominated consortia in terms of both methane production and extent of cellulose degradation, which indicates that fungi have an important role in methane release. Metabolic pathway reconstructions from MAGs of 737 bacteria, archaea and fungi suggest that cross-domain partnerships between fungi and methanogens enabled production of acetate, formate and methane, whereas bacterially dominated consortia mainly produced short-chain fatty acids, including propionate and butyrate. Analyses of carbohydrate-active enzyme domains present in each anaerobic consortium suggest that anaerobic bacteria and fungi employ mostly complementary hydrolytic strategies. The division of labour among herbivore anaerobes to degrade plant biomass could be harnessed for industrial bioprocessing.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI