Hypoglycemic Activity of Methanol Fraction of Tectona grandis (Linn) Bark in Experimental Rat Models

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a now a major global health problem and its incidence is increasing day by day in whole world. There are various medicinal plants in India those possess antidiabetic property which are traditionally used in management of diabetes. Tectona grandis Linn. (TG) plant belonging to family Verbenaceae is medicinally reported and claims to cure various diseases in Indian traditional system of medicine (Ayurveda) and also in folklore. The purpose of this present study is to examine the hypoglycemic potential of methanol fractions (50, 100 and 200mg/kg body weight) of Tectona grandis bark (MFTG) from defatted hydro-alcoholic extract in normoglycemic, streptozotocin induced (45mg.kg‒1) diabetic and glucose loaded hyperglycemic rats by single and multiple oral administration in comparison to standard drug Glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg body weight). Initially acute oral toxicity study of MFTG was carried out in rats to estimate the dose for animal study. The study report showed that the MFTG (200mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05 to p<0.01) reduces blood glucose level both in normoglycemic and diabetic rats induced by Streptozotocin and oral glucose loaded methods till the end of 8 hour and 3hour respectively during the single dose study and from the 15th day to 30th day in multi dose study. Hence the present study reveals that MFTG possess significant hypoglycemic activity which inspires the traditional use of the plant for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.