Dementia in the Forensic Setting: Diagnoses Obtained Using a Condensed Protocol at the Office of Chief Medical Examiner, New York City

神经病理学 痴呆 陶氏病 进行性核上麻痹 海马硬化 法医 医学 医学诊断 疾病 精神科 法医病理学 尸检 儿科 心理学 病理 毒物控制 伤害预防 癫痫 医疗急救 神经退行性变 颞叶
作者
David S. Priemer,Rebecca D. Folkerth
出处
期刊:Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology [Oxford University Press]
卷期号:80 (8): 724-730 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1093/jnen/nlab059
摘要

Individuals with dementia may come to forensic autopsy, partly because of non-natural deaths (e.g. fall-related), and/or concerns of abuse/neglect. At the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner (NYC OCME), brains from such cases are submitted for neurodegenerative disease (ND) work-up. Seventy-eight sequential cases were evaluated using a recently published condensed protocol for the NIA-AA guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer disease (AD), a cost-cutting innovation in diagnostic neuropathology. ND was identified in 74 (94.9%) brains; the most common were AD (n = 41 [52.5%]), primary age-related tauopathy (n = 26 [33.3%]), and Lewy body disease ([LBD], n = 25 [32.1%]). Others included age-related tau astrogliopathy, hippocampal sclerosis of aging, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, argyrophilic grain disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. 26.8% of AD cases involved a non-natural, dementia-related death, versus 40.0% for LBD. Finally, 70 (89.7%) cases had chronic cerebrovascular disease, 53 (67.9%) being moderate-to-severe. We present a diverse distribution of NDs notable for a high rate of diagnoses associated with falls (e.g. LBD), a potential difference from the hospital neuropathology experience. We also report a high burden of cerebrovascular disease in demented individuals seen at the NYC OCME. Finally, we demonstrate that the aforementioned condensed protocol is applicable for a variety of ND diagnoses.
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