Abstract This review summarizes recent approaches in TiO 2 photocatalysis regarding new materials and applications. TiO 2 photocatalysis is widely applied in many areas, so development of new materials and applications is strongly desired. In this review, we provide a brief introduction of the history and basic mechanism of TiO 2 photocatalysis. The fabrication of novel TiO 2 nanofibers and nanotubes, and application of TiO 2 photocatalysis in water and air purification and printing are highlighted.