A Simple Prelithiation Strategy To Build a High‐Rate and Long‐Life Lithium‐Ion Battery with Improved Low‐Temperature Performance

Abstract Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are being used to power the commercial electric vehicles (EVs). However, the charge/discharge rate and life of current LIBs still cannot satisfy the further development of EVs. Furthermore, the poor low‐temperature performance of LIBs limits their application in cold climates and high altitude areas. Herein, a simple prelithiation method is developed to fabricate a new LIB. In this strategy, a Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode and a pristine hard carbon anode are used to form a primary cell, and the initial Li + extraction from Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 is used to prelithiate the hard carbon. Then, the self‐formed Li 2 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode and prelithiated hard carbon anode are used to form a 4 V LIB. The LIB exhibits a maximum energy density of 208.3 Wh kg −1 , a maximum power density of 8291 W kg −1 and a long life of 2000 cycles. When operated at −40 °C, the LIB can keep 67 % capacity of room temperature, which is much better than conventional LIBs.