电解质
材料科学
化学工程
锂(药物)
电化学
阳极
相间
离子液体
快离子导体
阴极
溶剂化
纳米孔
离子
纳米技术
电极
有机化学
化学
物理化学
催化作用
遗传学
内分泌学
工程类
生物
医学
作者
J. Padmanabhan Vivek,Nina Meddings,Nuria Garcı́a-Aráez
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.1c17247
摘要
The combination of solid and liquid electrolytes enables the development of safe and high-energy batteries where the solid electrolyte acts as a protective barrier for a high-energy lithium metal anode, while the liquid electrolyte maintains facile electrochemical reactions with the cathode. However, the contact region between the solid and liquid electrolytes is associated with a very high resistance, which severely limits the specific energy that can be practically delivered. In this work, we demonstrate a suitable approach to virtually suppress such interfacial resistance. Using a NASICON-type solid electrolyte in a variety of liquid electrolytes (ethers, DMSO, acetonitrile, ionic liquids, etc.), we show that the addition of water as electrolyte additive decreases the interfacial resistance from >100 Ω cm2 to a negligible value (<5 Ω cm2). XPS measurements reveal that the composition of the solid-liquid electrolyte interphase is very similar in wet and dry liquid electrolytes, and thus the suppression of the associated resistance is tentatively ascribed to a plasticizer or preferential ion solvation effect of water, or to a change in the interphase morphology or porosity caused by water. Our simple estimates show that the improvement in the solid-liquid electrolyte interphase resistance observed here could translate to an enhancement of 15-22% in the practical energy density of a Li-S or Li-O2 battery and improvements in the roundtrip efficiency of 21-28 percentage points.
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