神经退行性变
肌萎缩侧索硬化
神经炎症
神经科学
失智症
疾病
痴呆
额颞叶变性
医学
生物
中枢神经系统
多发性硬化
免疫学
病理
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2016-08-19
卷期号:353 (6301): 777-783
被引量:1510
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.aag2590
摘要
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and frontotemporal lobar dementia are among the most pressing problems of developed societies with aging populations. Neurons carry out essential functions such as signal transmission and network integration in the central nervous system and are the main targets of neurodegenerative disease. In this Review, I address how the neuron’s environment also contributes to neurodegeneration. Maintaining an optimal milieu for neuronal function rests with supportive cells termed glia and the blood-brain barrier. Accumulating evidence suggests that neurodegeneration occurs in part because the environment is affected during disease in a cascade of processes collectively termed neuroinflammation. These observations indicate that therapies targeting glial cells might provide benefit for those afflicted by neurodegenerative disorders.
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