What Is Artificial Intelligence: History and Basic Definitions

The number of artificial intelligence applications has skyrocketed over the past decade with several applications to medical imaging and healthcare. However, the origins of artificial intelligence date back in the 1950s and developments in algorithms and applications have been slowly recorded since then. The aim of this chapter is to present a short history of the main milestones in the field of artificial intelligence while introducing the readers to the basic definitions of AI-related terminology.