Prophylactic Platelet Transfusions

Preterm neonates are a highly transfused patient group, with platelet transfusions being the second most transfused cellular blood component. Historically, however, evidence to inform optimal platelet transfusion practice has been limited. In pediatrics , much of the evidence has been inferred from studies in adult patients, although neonatologists have generally applied more cautious and liberal platelet transfusion thresholds to mitigate the complications of intraventricular hemorrhage . A total of three randomized controlled trials have now been published comparing different platelet transfusion strategies in neonates.