Osteogenic Induction and Anti‐inflammatory Effects of Calcium‐Chlorogenic Acid Nanoparticles Remodel the Osteoimmunology Microenvironment for Accelerating Bone Repair

Successful bone regeneration requires close cooperation between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and macrophages, but the low osteogenic differentiation efficiency of stem cells and the excessive inflammatory response of immune cells hinder the development of bone repair. It is necessary to develop a strategy that simultaneously regulates the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages for accelerating the bone regeneration. Herein, calcium-chlorogenic acid nanoparticles (Ca-CGA NPs) are synthesized by combining the small molecules of chlorogenic acid (CGA) with Ca