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Viral Keratitis, Surgical Intervention in Viral Keratitis, Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Viral Keratitis, HSV, HZV

医学 角膜炎 单纯疱疹病毒 隐形眼镜 更昔洛韦 水痘带状疱疹病毒 免疫学 病毒 皮肤病科 人巨细胞病毒 眼科
作者
Anitha Venugopal,Josephine Christy,Vaidehi Raut,P. Preethi,Veena Patwardhan,V Veeramma,Aditee Madkaikar,Pamela Mangala,Meenakshi Ravindran,Ramakrishnan Rangappa
出处
期刊:Seminars in Ophthalmology [Informa]
卷期号:39 (5): 340-352 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1080/08820538.2024.2309533
摘要

Viral keratitis is a significant cause of ocular morbidity and visual impairment worldwide. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic modalities for viral keratitis. The most common viral pathogens associated with this condition are adenovirus, herpes simplex (HSV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). However, emerging viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Vaccinia virus can also cause keratitis. Non-surgical interventions are the mainstay of treatment for viral keratitis. Antiviral agents such as Acyclovir, Ganciclovir, and trifluridine have effectively reduced viral replication and improved clinical outcomes. Additionally, adjunctive measures such as lubrication, corticosteroids, and immunomodulatory agents have alleviated symptoms by reducing inflammation and facilitating tissue repair. Despite these conservative approaches, some cases of viral keratitis may progress to severe forms, leading to corneal scarring, thinning, or perforation. In such instances, surgical intervention becomes necessary to restore corneal integrity and visual function. This review article aims to provide an overview of the current perspectives and surgical interventions in managing viral keratitis. The choice of surgical technique depends on the extent and severity of corneal involvement. As highlighted in this article, on-going research and advancements in surgical interventions hold promise for further improving outcomes in patients with viral keratitis.
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