Significance of NRF2 in physiological and pathological conditions an comprehensive review

• Normally Nrf2 has a activation level very low, its stability and accumulation is mainly regulated by Keap1. • Inactivation of Keap1 activates Nrf2 , an effect that is often found in malignant transformation of cancer cells. • Nrf2 indirectly effects cell proliferation and differentiation through production of high levels of ROS. • Nrf2 plays a dual role in cancer, as a tumor suppressor and as oncogene which favor survival of cancer cells. • There are several ways to treat Nrf2, we can use it in cancer or in chronic diseases treatment.