Imaging of cerebrovascular disorders: precision medicine and the collaterome

Imaging of stroke and neurovascular disorders has profoundly enhanced clinical practice and related research during the last 40 years since the introduction of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enabled mapping of the brain. We highlight recent advances in neurovascular imaging. We describe how the convergence of readily available data and new clinical trial paradigms will recast our methods for studying the neurovascular patient. The application of a precision medicine approach to the collaterome, a comprehensive synthesis of neurovascular pathophysiology, will entail novel methods for clinical trial randomization, collection of routine and clinical trial imaging results, data archiving, and analysis.