Physiological response, antioxidant enzyme activities and conservation of banana treated with ethanol vapor

Ethanol can inhibit ethylene and retard decay of several fruit. However, the effect of ethanol on ethylene and oxidative stress has not yet been observed in bananas. In this work, the effect of ethanol (vapor phase) on physiology and conservation of the banana cv. 'Prata' was investigated. Initially, a group of bananas was analyzed during 8 h of exposure to ethanol, and then another group of bananas was exposed to ethanol for 4 h and then analyzed during 12 days of storage. Ethanol and ethylene concentrations, respiration rate, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, physico-chemical characteristics and fruit decay were evaluated. Ethanol reduced ethylene production and respiration rate of the banana only when it reached 4 h of exposure, and this was associated with a maximum absorption of ethanol in the fruit peel. Ethanol increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities from fruit peel only in the first 2 h of exposure to ethanol, i.e. ethanol did not generate significant oxidative stress. During storage, ethanol inhibited ethylene production and was also able to delay fruit decay, but it was not able to influence the respiration rate, conversion of sugars, and fresh weight loss of the fruits. This study showed that ethanol vapor has an inhibitory effect on ethylene metabolism, but it has no potential to control post-harvest ripening of the banana cv. 'Prata'. On the other hand, ethanol delays decay, and this extends fruit shelf life, which is commercially advantageous.