Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and clinical outcomes in patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving peritoneal dialysis

医学 腹膜透析 内科学 氧化三甲胺 肾脏疾病 胃肠病学 肾功能 危险系数 四分位数 糖尿病 腹膜炎 透析 比例危险模型 内分泌学 置信区间 三甲胺 生物 生物化学
作者
Dong‐Yuan Chang,Xiao Xu,Zhikai Yang,Tiantian Ma,Jing Nie,Jie Dong
出处
期刊:Peritoneal Dialysis International [SAGE Publishing]
卷期号:42 (6): 622-630 被引量:7
标识
DOI:10.1177/08968608211051809
摘要

Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut bacteria-derived metabolite of l-carnitine and choline. A high concentration of TMAO has been proven to relate to cardiovascular disease (CVD), all-cause mortality and chronic kidney disease progression. We aimed to investigate the relation between the value of serum TMAO and outcomes for peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.This is a prospective cohort study with data retrospectively analysed. All incident PD patients were enrolled and followed up. Log-rank test, competing risk survival analysis and COX regression were performed to test the effect of serum TMAO on developing first-episode peritonitis, all-cause and CVD mortality.A wide distribution of serum TMAO concentration was observed in 513 PD patients, with a median level of 72.3 (43.7, 124.7) µmol/L. Patients with lower TMAO concentration were more likely to be without diabetes and hypertension. Patients with lower TMAO concentration showed better residual kidney function and solute clearance at baseline. Participants in the higher three TMAO quartiles showed an increased risk for first-episode peritonitis (p = 0.039). By competing risk survival analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, CVD, body mass index, albumin, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, potassium, phosphorus, residual kidney function, normalised protein equivalent of total nitrogen appearance and calendar year of catheter implantation, patients in the higher three TMAO quartiles had a statistically or marginally higher risk for first-episode peritonitis compared with patients in the lowest quartile, with hazard ratio (HR) 1.65 (1.05, 2.58), 1.46 (0.92, 2.31) and 1.66 (1.05, 2.61), respectively. In the COX model, patients in the third quartile TMAO group had significantly higher CVD mortality risk compared with the lowest quartile group, as HR 2.27 (1.02, 5.05) after adjusting for various factors. As for all-cause mortality, TMAO did not show any associated effects.Serum TMAO concentration is associated with the risk of first-episode peritonitis and CVD mortality in PD patients. No obvious association between serum TMAO and all-cause mortality was observed.
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