Recent advances in aggregation‐induced emission–active type I photosensitizers with near‐infrared fluorescence: From materials design to therapeutic platform fabrication

制作 荧光 聚集诱导发射 红外线的 化学 纳米技术 光化学 材料科学 光学 医学 病理 替代医学 物理
作者
Yili Xie,Zhijia Li,Chunhui Zhao,Ruizhi Lv,Yan Li,Zhihong Zhang,Muzhou Teng,Qing Wan
出处
期刊:Luminescence [Wiley]
卷期号:39 (1) 被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.1002/bio.4621
摘要

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) technology plays an important role in treating various diseases and still attracts increasing research interests for developing novel photosensitizers (PSs) with outstanding performances. Conventional PSs such as porphyrin and rhodamine derivatives have easy self-aggregation properties in the physiological environment due to their inherent hydrophobic nature caused by their rigid molecular structure that induces strong intermolecular stacking π-π interaction, leading to serious fluorescence quenching and cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction. Meanwhile, hypoxia is an inherent barrier in the microenvironment of solid tumors, seriously restricting the therapeutic outcome of conventional PDT. Aforementioned disadvantages should be overcome urgently to enhance the therapeutic effect of PSs. Novel NIR fluorescence-guided type I PSs with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), which features the advantages of improving fluorescent intensity and ROS generation efficiency at aggregation as well as outstanding oxygen tolerance, bring hope for resolving aforementioned problems simultaneously. At present, plenty of research works fully demonstrates the advancement of AIE-active PDT based on type I PSs. In this review, cutting-edge advances focusing on AIE-active NIR type I PSs that include the aspects of the photochemical mechanism of type I ROS generation, various molecular structures of reported type I PSs with NIR fluorescence and their design strategies, and typical anticancer applications are summarized. Finally, a brief conclusion is obtained, and the underlying challenges and prospects of AIE-active type I PSs are proposed.
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