Ammonia based CO2 capture process using hollow fiber membrane contactors

Due to its low regeneration energy demands relative to MEA, ammonia is one of the most attractive solvents for post-combustion CO2 capture processes. Nevertheless, additionally to a lower kinetic constant, a high ammonia slip takes place when the absorption process is performed in a packed column. In this study, the feasibility of an ammonia based CO2 capture process using hollow fiber membrane contactors is investigated. CO2 absorption experiments in ammonia have been performed with porous polypropylene membranes (Oxyphan) and with two different dense skin composite hollow fibers: tailor made (Teflon AF2400) and commercial (TPX). It is shown that microporous membranes do not offer stable performances, due to salt precipitation and pore blocking. Contrarily however, dense skin membranes show stable and attracting performances, whatever the operating conditions: reduced ammonia slip and intensified CO2 mass transfer are obtained compared to packed column. The potentialities of dense skin membrane contactors, particularly based on fluorinated polymers, are discussed with regard to both increased CO2 mass transfer performances and mitigation of ammonia volatilization compared to conventional gas/liquid contactors.