Electrochemical techniques and mechanisms for the corrosion of metals and alloys in sub- and supercritical aqueous systems

超临界流体 腐蚀 水溶液 材料科学 电化学 电化学噪声 化学工程 化学 冶金 电极 物理化学 有机化学 工程类
作者
Yanhui Li,Zhouyang Bai,Shaoming Ding,Digby D. Macdonald,Jie Qiu,Kai Wang,Zhuohang Jiang,Shuzhong Wang
出处
期刊:Journal of Supercritical Fluids [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:194: 105835-105835 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105835
摘要

Corrosion has become a decisive factor hindering supercritical water technologies' long-cycle, safe implementation. Electrochemical experiments performed in supercritical aqueous systems can capture essential, real-time information about the micro/nanoscale processes of corrosion and their kinetics. As a starting point, this paper first summarizes the critical chemical properties of supercritical aqueous systems and analyzes their role in determining the duality of corrosion mechanisms (whether electrochemical or chemical micro-processes predominate). Next, it reviews the available electrochemical techniques such as pH sensors, electrochemical noise measurements, and related applications for quantitatively elaborating the corrosion issues in supercritical aqueous systems. With thick and heavy colors, a series of mechanistic models, such as the mixed potential model and the coupled environment models were introduced from the fundamental theories to the related applications, which have been applied widely in ambient and subcritical aqueous systems and exhibit great values and potential to be employed in high-density supercritical water environments. The passivity, depassivation, and passivity breakdown of metals and alloys in terms of the Point Defect Model (PDM) were also successfully implemented and discussed. The newly built SCW_PDM describes the film growth kinetics at the atomic level of metals and alloys in supercritical water and is being developed to quantitatively analyze and resolve a series of corrosion issues such as the passivity breakdown and the stress corrosion cracking that occur in supercritical aqueous systems. This review is helpful by promoting the development of the electrochemical corrosion theory in supercritical aqueous systems and by identifying corrosion prevention and control methods for the safe implementation of relevant supercritical water technologies.
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