Roselle Calyx (<i>Hibiscus sabdariffa</i> L.) Ethyl Acetate Fraction Lowering Malondialdehyde and TNF-α and Reducing Hypercoagulability in Diabetic Model

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Traditionally and empirically, <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa</i> L. has been used in treating diabetes mellitus due to its antioxidant activity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of administering the ethyl acetate fraction of hibiscus calyxes (EAFHCs) on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, bleeding time, and platelet count in male white rats induced with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. <b><i>Method:</i></b> Thirty-six Wistar Kyoto rats were induced with intraperitoneal streptozotocin at 55 mg/kg BW and stabilized for 5 days to obtain diabetic conditions. Diabetic animals were divided into four groups; the diabetic group was given vehicle, the glibenclamide group was given 0.45 mg/kg BW of glibenclamide, and two groups were administered the EAFHCs at doses of 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW for 5 days. Subsequently, the MDA, TNF-α, bleeding time and platelet count levels were examined on days 1, 3, and 5, respectively. All data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). <b><i>Results:</i></b> EAFHC significantly reduced MDA and TNF-α levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, this fraction appeared to shorten bleeding time and decrease platelet count in diabetic rats. Administration of the EAFHC for 5 days effectively lowered MDA and TNF-α levels significantly, decreased platelet counts and prolonged coagulation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in diabetic rats. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study demonstrates that EAFHC effectively reduces MDA and TNF-α levels and reduces the risk of hypercoagulability in diabetic model.