Highly Conductive, Flexible, and Oxidation-Resistant Cu-Ni Electrodes Produced from Hybrid Inks at Low Temperatures

材料科学 电极 电导率 复合材料 导电体 腐蚀 接触电阻 电阻率和电导率 化学工程 金属 薄板电阻 冶金 工程类 电气工程 物理化学 化学 图层(电子)
作者
Daisuke Tomotoshi,Rika Oogami,Hideya Kawasaki
出处
期刊:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:13 (17): 20906-20915 被引量:22
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.1c04235
摘要

Recently, Ni and Ni-Cu nanoparticle-based inks have gained considerable research interest because of their high corrosion resistance as conductors in electronic devices. However, reported inks based on Cu-Ni nanoparticles need to be sintered at high temperatures above 300 °C to obtain electrodes with high conductivity on the order of 10-5 Ω·cm. This study proposes a new conductive Cu-Ni-based hybrid ink that could be sintered at only 150-180 °C for producing Cu-Ni electrodes with low electrical resistance, high oxidation resistance, and flexibility. The hybrid ink contains Cu flakes and a complex of nickel formate and 1-amino-2-propanol (NiF-AmIP complex). At 150-180 °C, the Cu flakes catalyze the self-reduction of the NiF-AmIP complex, and Cu-Ni electrodes with high conductivity (on the order of 10-5 Ω·cm) are formed on flexible polymer substrates at temperatures exceeding 150 °C. Analysis indicates that metallic Ni was decorated on the Cu flakes (especially on the edge) to improve the electrode's conductivity, oxidation resistance, and flexibility by forming bridging interconnections between the Cu flakes. The Cu-Ni electrodes demonstrated high stability against oxidation up to approximately 400 °C in air, as well as at 80 °C and 80% RH after 7 days. In addition to the excellent oxidation stability, the Cu-Ni electrode showed high durability under mechanical bending stress. Such sintered Cu-Ni electrodes obtained from hybrid inks have great potentials in printed/flexible devices due to their oxidation resistance and cost-effectiveness.
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