碳酸乙烯酯
电解质
水溶液
碳酸丙烯酯
吸附
碳酸二甲酯
无机化学
碳酸盐
电化学
阳极
溶剂化
锌
化学工程
化学
材料科学
分子
电极
有机化学
甲醇
物理化学
工程类
作者
Licheng Miao,Renheng Wang,Shengli Di,Zhengfang Qian,Lei Zhang,Wenli Xin,Yang Yang,Zhiqiang Zhu,Shengqi Chu,Yi Du,Ning Zhang
出处
期刊:ACS Nano
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2022-05-27
卷期号:16 (6): 9667-9678
被引量:175
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsnano.2c02996
摘要
Rechargeable aqueous zinc (Zn) batteries are promising for large-energy storage because of their low cost, high safety, and environmental compatibility, but their implementation is hindered by the severe irreversibility of Zn metal anodes as exemplified by water-induced side reactions (H2 evolution and Zn corrosion) and dendrite growth. Here, we find that the introduction of a hydrophobic carbonate cosolvent into a dilute aqueous electrolyte exhibits a much stronger ability to address the reversible issues facing Zn anodes than that with hydrophilic ones. Among the typical carbonates (ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate (DEC)), DEC as the most hydrophobic additive enables the strongest breaking of water's H-bond network and replaces the solvating H2O in a Zn2+-solvation sheath, which significantly reduces the water activity and its decomposition. Additionally, DEC molecules preferentially adsorb onto the Zn surface to create an H2O-poor electrical double layer and render a dendrite-free Zn2+-plating behavior. The formulated hybrid 2 m Zn(OTf)2 + 7 m DEC electrolyte endows the Zn electrode with an ability to achieve high cycling stability (over 3500 h at 5 mA cm–2 with 2.5 mA h cm–2) and supports the stable operation of Zn||V2O5·nH2O full battery. This efficient strategy with hydrophobic cosolvent suggests a promising direction for designing aqueous battery chemistries.
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