Leukemic Stem Cells Shows the Way for Novel Target of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Therapy

Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) have been identified in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Similar to haematopoietic stem cells, these LSCs are able to self-renew, differentiate, and proliferate extensively. Recent studies suggest that LSCs are critical for the initiation and maintenance of leukemia. This review will describe the characteristic features of LSCs in AML and the possible targets expressed on the surface of AML, the intracellular targets and the novel molecular and flow cytometry methodologies being used to particularly ablate the LSC population. Studies have shown the potential importance of ablating LSCs when treating leukemia. The unique characteristics of LSCs that differentiate them from their normal counterparts can be applied to specifically target the leukemic population. Current therapeutic strategies may not effectively ablate the LSCs, leaving the potential for disease progression or recurrence. A better understanding of LSCs and molecular biology will allow the design of more effective therapies.