Plantar Pressure‐Based Insole Gait Monitoring Techniques for Diseases Monitoring and Analysis: A Review

Abstract Among diverse wearable techniques, insole‐based plantar pressure monitoring systems have surged as a leading technology to monitor patient's chronic disease progression. Such technological feat has been made possible due to the strong correlation between gait and disease status. Hence, insole‐based plantar pressure monitoring techniques are growing rapidly worldwide; with several research institutions and enterprises showing an increased interest in the field. This review intends to first explain the working principles of mainstream insole plantar sensing techniques and design considerations such as sensing material selection and electronics design requirements, and then the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms for plantar pressure distribution reconstruction. Following, this article will discuss disease monitoring applications and the extraction of disease features. Finally, insight regarding common challenges and their potential solutions within the field would be elucidated.