Removal of tetracycline from livestock wastewater by positive single pulse current electrocoagulation: Mechanism, toxicity assessment and cost evaluation

电凝 废水 流出物 四环素 四环素类抗生素 牲畜 污染 制浆造纸工业 化学 污染 环境科学 材料科学 环境化学 环境工程 抗生素 生物 生态学 工程类 生物化学
作者
Han Zhang,Jianmin Bian,Chaoge Yang,Zichen Hu,Fangyuan Liu,Chunpeng Zhang
出处
期刊:Science of The Total Environment [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:810: 151955-151955 被引量:47
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151955
摘要

The widespread use of veterinary antibiotics has led to the significant problem of contamination of livestock wastewater with significant amount of antibiotics. Electrocoagulation (EC) has become a prominent research topic because of the technique's ability to remove antibiotics from livestock wastewater. However, an urgent solution is needed to reduce the high operating costs associated with the process. Therefore, in this study, we developed a positive single pulse current (PSPC)-EC system to remove tetracycline (TC) from synthetic and actual livestock wastewater. Influential factors were investigated, and the optimal PSPC-EC operating parameters were identified as follows: duty ratio = 60%, pH = 4, electrode spacing = 1 cm, current intensity = 0.2 A, and conductivity = 2 mS cm-1. The mechanism of PSPC-EC was characterised using techniques including scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The TC decomposition pathway was proposed based on the generation of its intermediate products. A toxicity estimation software tool (TEST) model was used to evaluate the toxicity of TC and its main degradation products, and most of its intermediates were found to be less toxic than TC. The contribution ratios of floc adsorption and electrochemical oxidation for removing TC were 74.17% and 21.48%, respectively. The highest TC removal rate reached 95% with an operating cost of 0.011 USD/m3. Finally, under the optimum conditions identified, actual livestock wastewater was treated by PSPC-EC. Compared with conventional EC and coagulation treatment techniques that consume electricity and produce pollution, the results indicate that the PSPC-EC technique with changing current operation mode is a more cost-effective and attractive option for removing TC from livestock wastewater.
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