World geodetic system 1984: A modern and accurate global reference frame

Abstract The Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) has developed World Geodetic System (WGS) 1984, and starting from its earlier versions, viz., WGS 60, WGS 66, and WGS 72, the latest system is a state‐of‐the‐art, accurately defined, global reference frame. In its development, full advantage was derived from the advancement in theory, recent sophistication in computer technology, and the availability of new and more extensive data sets. The new system represents DMA's modeling of the earth from a geometric, geodetic, and gravitational standpoint, using data, techniques, and technology available through early 1984. This paper presents details about the WGS 84 defining parameters, reference frame definition, gravitational model, gravity formula, and its relationship with various local/regional geodetic datums. It also briefly outlines various advantages and applications to improve Mapping, Charting, and Geodetic (MC&G) products globally.