The application of ultrasound in Joining: Principles, processes and properties

In recent years, with the deepening of research on ultrasonics, it has been discovered that the introduction of ultrasonics can improve the efficiency and performance of joining processes such as welding, riveting (clinching) and adhesive bonding, so the application of ultrasound in joining has received extensive attention. This paper introduces the application of ultrasonic vibration in joining from two aspects: ultrasonic systems and principles, and the application of ultrasound in joining processes. The principles, research status, current problems, and future development directions of ultrasonic welding, ultrasonic spot welding, ultrasonic brazing, ultrasonic transient liquid phase diffusion welding, ultrasonic stir friction welding, ultrasonic arc welding, ultrasonic-assisted mechanical joining, and ultrasonic bonding are systematically described. Finally, all of the information is integrated to highlight the existing challenges of ultrasonic vibration in the field of joining and to point out where further research is needed.