肥料
土壤水分
肥料
丰度(生态学)
环境科学
农学
人类受精
相对物种丰度
生物
生态学
土壤科学
作者
Ying Li,Fanguang Kong,Si Li,Jie Wang,Jingrun Hu,Shuo Chen,Qing Chen,Yanming Li,Xuejiao Ha,Weiling Sun
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131706
摘要
The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soils has aroused wide attention. However, the influence of long-term fertilization on the distribution of ARGs in different soil layers and its dominant drivers remain largely unknown. In this study, a total of 203 ARGs were analyzed in greenhouse vegetable soils (0-100 cm from a 13-year field experiment applied with different fertilizers (control, chemical fertilizer, organic manure, and mixed fertilizer). Compared with unfertilized and chemically fertilized soils, manure application significantly increased the abundance and alpha diversity of soil ARGs, where the assembly of ARG communities was strongly driven by stochastic processes. The distribution of ARGs was significantly driven by manure application within 60 cm, while it was insignificantly changed in soil below 60 cm under different fertilization regimes. The inter-correlations of ARGs with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and microbiota were strengthened in manured soil, indicating manure application posed a higher risk for ARGs diffusion in subsurface soil. Bacteria abundance and MGEs directly influenced ARG abundance and composition, whereas soil depth and manure application indirectly influenced ARG abundance and composition by affecting antibiotics. These results strengthen our understanding of the long-term anthropogenic influence on the vertical distribution of soil ARGs and highlight the ecological risk of ARGs in subsurface soil induced by long-term manure application.
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