Deciphering the potential of plasma cell-free metagenomic next-generation sequencing using the Karius test

Purpose of review Plasma cell-free metagenomic next-generation sequencing (cf-mNGS) is increasingly employed for the diagnosis of infection, but a consensus for optimal use has not been established. This minireview focuses on the commercially available Karius Test and is aimed at local leaders seeking to understand the complexities of cf-mNGS to make informed test utilization policies and better interpret results. Recent findings Recent retrospective studies have reported how the Karius Test was applied at their institutions and identified areas of potential patient benefit. In addition, substantive studies have reported how this test performs in specific indications, particularly invasive fungal disease, endovascular infection and lower respiratory infection. Summary Successfully integrating plasma cf-mNGS requires careful assessment of performance in the specific applications and patient populations in which it is used. Individual institutions must independently evaluate implementation strategies and determine where diagnostic yields outweigh the potential pitfalls.