A comprehensive review on techno-economic analysis of biomass valorization and conversional technologies of lignocellulosic residues

Excessive utilization of fossil fuel, rapid development of industrialization and increased human population causes energy demand and environmental pollution to the environment. With growing concern about the energy demand, several researchers have paid better attention towards the biomass utilization. Nowadays, lignocellulosic biomasses have been effectively utilized for the generation of bioenergy and biochemical. Lignocellulosic biomass is considered as sustainable, renewable, carbon neutral and low-cost feedstock for the generation of high value bio-products. This review comprehensively discusses the properties, composition and different pretreatment techniques of lignocellulosic biomass for the effective disintegration and delignification of complex materials. Numerous phases of physical, chemical and biological conversion strategies of lignocellulosic biomass and modifications have been discussed. This review highlights the techno-economic analysis of biomass valorization for the recent bioenergy generation pathway. The current review emphasizes the recent advancements and major challenges of lignocellulosic biomass valorization along with future directions.