The Health Service Model for Promoting Good Death in Critically Ill End-of-Life Patients in the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study

Good death is one of the important outcomes of end-of-life care service delivery. The initial management of critically ill patients in the Emergency Department (ED) for promoting good death often challenging since it requires a focus on human dignity and equity at the end of life. A qualitative approach was used included eight bereaved family members who loss of their loved one in the ED and 25 emergency staff, including 11 emergency physicians and 14 emergency nurses of a super tertiary hospital in Thailand. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted from February to August 2021. All the interviews were transcribed verbatim for content analysis. The result identified four distinct scenarios and seven core themes of end-of-life patient characteristics in the ED. To promote a good death in the ED, health care provider should consider the unique service deliver for each critically end-of-life patients and their family members.