Fractal dimension-based analysis of rockery contour morphological characteristics for Chinese classical gardens south of the Yangtze River

Based on the rockery photos of 10 classical gardens including world cultural heritage, this paper incorporates the combined analysis and comparison of constituent elements (rockeries, buildings and plants) of scenic surfaces, and probes into the fractal characteristics of landscaping through the theory and the fractal dimension (FD) value analysis software. Studies have shown that the quantitative evaluation data of visual complexity (FD, i.e., fractal dimension) can characterize the contour morphology of constituent elements of the scenic surface of rockeries. The relevant analysis results are as follows: (1) FD can directly quantify the morphological contour of each element. Through the statistical analysis, it can effectively avoid the misjudgment of empirical cognition and subjective feeling. Therefore, FD value can be used as one of the effective indexes to evaluate the complexity and diversity of rockery and landscape elements. (2) The change in the level of the FD value enables the intuitive analysis of the effects of the plant varieties and landscaping techniques on rockery morphological complexity. (3) Higher FD value is not always better. Necessary morphological maintenance is required to avoid excessive FD value of plants.