孤独
老年学
逻辑回归
社会孤立
社会支持
医学
冲程(发动机)
健康与退休研究
心理学
透视图(图形)
人口学
临床心理学
精神科
社会心理学
内科学
机械工程
人工智能
社会学
计算机科学
工程类
作者
Yan Huang,Xinyi Zhu,Xiaomei Liu,Juan Li
出处
期刊:The Journals of Gerontology: Series B
[Oxford University Press]
日期:2024-02-21
标识
DOI:10.1093/geronb/gbae018
摘要
Abstract Objectives Loneliness is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but related evidence is mixed. Examining trajectories of loneliness over time, as compared to the assessment of loneliness at a single time point, can be useful to better understand the risks for CVD. The present study aimed to examine loneliness trajectories and their impacts on CVD in Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Methods The sample included 9235 adults aged 45 years and above from four waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey from 2011 to 2018. Loneliness was assessed by a single-item question with a four-point scale. CVD events were measured by self-reports of heart diseases and stroke in 2018. Results Group-based trajectory modeling showed that three loneliness trajectories emerged: stable low, moderate increasing, and high increasing loneliness. Binary logistic regression showed that loneliness trajectories were significantly associated with the risk of having CVD after controlling for all covariates. Specifically, compared to the group with stable low loneliness, people with moderate increasing had a higher risk of having stroke, and people with high increasing loneliness had higher risks of having both heart diseases and stroke. In contrast, loneliness at a single time point was not independently associated with the risk of having CVD. Discussion The present study identified groups of people vulnerable to CVD from the perspective of social connections in terms of loneliness trajectories. Middle-aged and older adults showing increasing loneliness may need social and emotional support to protect their cardiovascular health.
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