Microbial intestinal dysbiosis drives long-term allergic susceptibility by sculpting an ILC2-B1 cell–innate IgE axis.

The abundance and diversity of intestinal commensal bacteria influence systemic immunity with impact on disease susceptibility and severity. For example, loss of short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-fermenting bacteria in early life (humans and mice) is associated with enhanced type 2 immune responses in peripheral tissues including the lung.