Potential of a facile sandwiched electrospun scaffold loaded with ibuprofen as an anti-adhesion barrier

The combination of nanofibre-based barriers and anti-adhesion drugs is potentially useful for adhesion prevention after ventral surgeries. However, drug molecules exposed to the surface of barriers easily result in an initial burst that is sharp, thus limiting the anti-adhesion efficiency. In this study, we developed a sandwiched electrospun scaffold loaded with ibuprofen (Sandwich) serving as a physical barrier, as well as an effectual carrier delivering it into the injured site for enhancing anti-adhesion capability. This Sandwich scaffold exhibited significantly a reduced initial burst of drug release in the first hour and a prolonged delivery for ibuprofen over 14 days, expected to provide the long-term anti-adhesion capability. In vitro study on fibroblasts showed that incorporation of ibuprofen effectively inhibited their adhesion and proliferation, and developed Sandwich maintained the least adhesion of L-929 after 5 days of culture (<20%). For RAW 264.7 macrophages, worse cell adhesion and poorer TNF-α production of Sandwich indicated its superior anti-inflammatory effect. In summary, the sandwiched ibuprofen-loaded scaffold showed promising potential for preventing adhesion formation.