Tumor Targeting Strategies of Smart Fluorescent Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

纳米技术 材料科学 合理设计 生物相容性 光漂白 癌症治疗 纳米颗粒 纳米医学 肿瘤微环境 癌症 癌症研究 荧光 肿瘤细胞 医学 内科学 物理 冶金 量子力学
作者
Jiuyang He,Chenchen Li,Lin Ding,Yanan Huang,Xuelian Yin,Junfeng Zhang,Jian Zhang,Chenjie Yao,Minmin Liang,Rogério P. Pirraco,Jie Chen,Quan Lu,Ryan D. Baldridge,Yong Zhang,Minghong Wu,Rui L. Reis,Yanli Wang
出处
期刊:Advanced Materials [Wiley]
卷期号:31 (40) 被引量:196
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.201902409
摘要

Abstract Advantages such as strong signal strength, resistance to photobleaching, tunable fluorescence emissions, high sensitivity, and biocompatibility are the driving forces for the application of fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In addition, the large surface area and easy modification of FNPs provide a platform for the design of multifunctional nanoparticles (MFNPs) for tumor targeting, diagnosis, and treatment. In order to obtain better targeting and therapeutic effects, it is necessary to understand the properties and targeting mechanisms of FNPs, which are the foundation and play a key role in the targeting design of nanoparticles (NPs). Widely accepted and applied targeting mechanisms such as enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, active targeting, and tumor microenvironment (TME) targeting are summarized here. Additionally, a freshly discovered targeting mechanism is introduced, termed cell membrane permeability targeting (CMPT), which improves the tumor‐targeting rate from less than 5% of the EPR effect to more than 50%. A new design strategy is also summarized, which is promising for future clinical targeting NPs/nanomedicines design. The targeting mechanism and design strategy will inspire new insights and thoughts on targeting design and will speed up precision medicine and contribute to cancer therapy and early diagnosis.
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