Study on the thermal reduction effect of organic components in spent ternary lithium battery cathode active materials

阴极 材料科学 X射线光电子能谱 化学工程 炭黑 煅烧 无机化学 化学 复合材料 有机化学 催化作用 天然橡胶 物理化学 工程类
作者
Haidi Jiang,Zhaohui Li,Weining Xie,Guangwen Zhang,Zhaoyi Yu,Qichang Lu,Yaqun He
出处
期刊:Waste Management [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:148: 33-42 被引量:17
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2022.05.011
摘要

To improve the adhesion between cathode materials and current collector, and increase the electronic conductivity among electroactive substances, a certain proportion of conductive agents (acetylene black) and agglomerant (PVDF) are usually added in the battery manufacturing process. However, these conductive agents have negative effects on the recovery of cathode materials by pyrolysis or calcination. Recognizing this issue, a method based on the concept of "treating spent with spent" was developed in this paper. Organic matters contained in cathode active materials functioned as the reduction reagents, which can reduce the valence state of transition metals, resulting in the breakdown of the strong chemical bond and the stable layered structure of cathode materials. In this study, the thermal reduction effect of different organic components on cathode active materials was analyzed respectively to evaluate the reduction function of each component. XRD, XPS and ICP-MS were used to compare and analyze changes of phase, element compound state and ion leaching efficiencies of different cathode materials before and after thermal reduction under different amounts of reducing agents. The results show that both PVDF and acetylene black reduced the high-valent metals to low-valent oxides or elemental substances, demonstrating their thermal reduction capabilities. Comparisons of the XRD, XPS analysis and ion leaching results of thermal reduced products suggest that acetylene black has a stronger thermal reduction ability than that of PVDF. The results also show that the reduction of the high nickel cathode material (NCM811) is easier than that of the low nickel cathode material (NCM111).
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