[Etiology and clinical characteristics of acquired ptosis].

Objective: To evaluate the demographics, etiology composition, clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of acquired ptosis patients. Methods: Retrospective case-series study. The clinical records of 176 consecutive patients (312 eyes) with acquired ptosis were reviewed from January 2009 to December 2018 in the Ophthalmology Department of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. The demographics, etiology composition, clinical characteristics, surgical strategies and outcomes were analyzed. Results: There were 59 male (33.5%) and 117 female (66.5%) patients suffering acquired ptosis, with an average age of (64±7) years. The disease was bilateral in 136 cases and unilateral in 40 cases. There were four etiological components of acquired ptosis: 145 cases (82.4%) of aponeurotic ptosis, 17 cases (9.6%) of neurogenic ptosis, 10 cases (5.7%) of myogenic ptosis and 4 cases (2.3%) of traumatic ptosis. The clinical characteristics of acquired ptosis varied significantly depending on etiology. Ptosis surgeries were performed on 152 cases (279 eyes), and the success rate was 92.1% (140/152). Surgical procedures included levator aponeurosis surgeries on 148 cases (275 eyes), frontal muscle suspensions on 2 cases (2 eyes) and conjunctival-Müller's ectomies on 2 cases (2 eyes). Conclusions: Acquired ptosis is more likely to occur in senile and female populations with bilateral eyelids involved mostly. Aponeurotic ptosis is the predominant type of acquired ptosis. The treatment is performed according to the clear etiological diagnosis based on clinical features, and operations are efficient for most patients with acquired ptosis. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 844-849).目的： 分析获得性上睑下垂的病因、临床特征及手术效果。 方法： 回顾性系列病例研究。连续收集2009年1月至2018年12月于天津医科大学总医院眼科就诊的176例（312只眼）获得性上睑下垂患者的临床资料，观察获得性上睑下垂的人口学特点、病因组成、临床特征、手术方法及术后效果。 结果： 患者中男性59例（33.5%），女性117例（66.5%），年龄（64±7）岁。双眼上睑下垂136例，单眼上睑下垂40例。获得性上睑下垂的病因分布为腱膜性上睑下垂145例（82.4%），神经源性上睑下垂17例（9.6%），肌源性上睑下垂10例（5.7%），外伤后上睑下垂4例（2.3%）。获得性上睑下垂的临床特征依病因不同存在显著差别。152例（279只眼）行手术治疗，手术成功率为92.1%（140/152）。手术术式包括上睑提肌腱膜手术148例（275只眼），额肌瓣悬吊手术2例（2只眼），结膜-Müller肌切除术2例（2只眼）。 结论： 获得性上睑下垂多发生于老年人，女性比例高，双眼发病多于单眼发病。腱膜性上睑下垂是获得性上睑下垂中最常见的病因。根据临床特征明确病因诊断进行治疗，多数患者手术效果良好。（中华眼科杂志，2021，57：844-849）.