Microtubule‐associated proteins and enzymes modifying tubulin

生物 微管 微管蛋白 微管相关蛋白 细胞生物学 细胞骨架 染色体分离 癌变 图谱 UniProt公司 基因亚型 计算生物学 细胞 遗传学 癌症 基因 蛋白质表达 染色体
作者
Nannan Peng,Fumihiko Nakamura
出处
期刊:Cytoskeleton [Wiley]
卷期号:80 (3-4): 60-76 被引量:8
标识
DOI:10.1002/cm.21748
摘要

Microtubules (MTs) are essential for many cellular processes including establishment of cell shape and polarity, chromosome segregation, vesicle transport, and nuclear positioning. Human cells express 22 tubulin isoforms that have both overlapping and distinctive functions. Tubulins reversely polymerize to form cylindrical MTs, while MT-associated proteins (MAPs), posttranslational modifications (PTMs), and mechanical forces regulate their functions. To help both tubulin researchers and medicinal chemists, this review article lists 489 MAPs, 43 known enzymes that mediate PTMs, and 306 drugs that influence the functions of MTs and MAPs and discusses recent microtubule research. Readers are able to sort the list based on name, size, functions, related human diseases, and date of discovery. The list also contains links to Uniprot and Protein Atlas databases to access further details such as protein structure, associated proteins, subcellular localization, expression levels in cells and tissues, mutations, and pathology. Because the microtubule cytoskeleton is involved in many pathological processes such as tumorigenesis, invasion, and developmental diseases, small molecules that target on MT and MAPs hold potential to treat these diseases and are also listed.
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